Basque History Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Basque History - Essay ExampleWhile the ETA did declare a unilateral cease-fire on March 22, 2006, on September 23, 2006, the organization announced that it would resume hostilities until the achievement of Basque independence (ETA).To understand the sentiments at work in all three of these documents - particularly the harsh dichotomies of the Arana piece - it is right-hand(a) to have an understanding of the dynamics at work within the ETA. To people exterior of the Basque region, and, in particular, outside of Spain, the mission of the ETA sounds just like one of many small revolutionary groups, agitating for its own few square miles of self-determination, if only to avoid the larger taxing entities in the country around it (Funes, p. 499). Each of these myopic splinter groups has its own manifesto that spouts idealistic words and phrases, its own shrill anthem that sounds to the modern soul listening from abroad much like, quite frankly, the declarations that leapt from the A merican colonies to the politics of Great Britain in the later geezerhood of the eighteenth century.The modern chapter of the Basque story begins during the reign of Francisco Franco, and his attempts to drive the Basque nation off the very face of the planet. Because in that location had been Basque sympathizers with the Re unrestrictedan side in the Spanish Civil War, Franco decided to eliminate any signs of Basque culture from the public consciousness. The Basque flag could not be displayed Basque holidays could not be publicly celebrated teaching the Basque language, or crimson speaking it in public, were forbidden baptizing children who did not have Spanish surnames was proscribed (Sullivan, p. 88). This crackdown against non-Spanish cultures was not carried out passim the country, however. While Guipuscoa and Biscay were also singled out for this attempted annihilation of local culture, because of their ostensible sympathies with the Republican cause, other territories we re left field hand alone. Because the regions of Alava and Navarre had been allied with Francos faction during the Spanish Civil War, those regions were permitted to keep a reasonable degree of self-government (Clark 1984, pp. 82-84).The results of this heathenish attempt at extermination may have been predictable. Once the civil war ended, many Basques left the rural parts of Castile, Galicia, Extremadura, and Andalusia, which diluted the identity of those regions, in which only a percentage of the initial Basque state remained (Hamilton, p. 138).The rest of the world, however, took notice of this repressive activity. Beginning with the excesses of the Franco era and ending with the transition in Spanish government to a democracy in 1975, the ETA received gestures of sympathy from around the globe. The peak of this support came in 1970, after(prenominal) the controversial Burgos Trials, in which the Franco government showed its cruel and oppressive side to an world-wide audien ce (Clark 1984, p. 128). The tide of international opinion, however, began to turn against the ETA as the 1970s progressed. In 1973, the ETA assassinated Francos successor, Almirante Luis Carrero Blanco, and became increasingly radical after Spain became a democracy. The kidnapping and blackwash of Miguel Angel